Themes: HRM \ OB
Pub Date : 2009
Countries : India
Industry : Services
Women in Indian Society: From Custodians of Conservatism to Corporate Catalysts
"Yatra naryastu pujyante ramante tatra Devata, yatraitaastu na pujyante
sarvaastatrafalaah kriyaah" is an often-quoted Manu's saying. Manusmriti (3.56) - which translated
reads, 'wherever women are given their due respect, even the deities like to reside there and where
they are not respected, all actions remain unfruitful'.
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For decades, women have been playing multiple roles in their life. Be it a daughter, helping her mother in house-hold chores or a sister, taking a role of mentor to the younger siblings or a wife, supporting her husband and managing household budget. Historically, the girl child in the Indian family was never given equal importance to that of boy child and was considered to be an economic liability because of the dowry tradition (bride's parents have to provide offerings in the form of cash or kind to groom). India was a country with some traditions like sati (the immolation of a widow on her husband's funeral pyre), early marriages/child marriages. Also, people did not bother about widows and widow re-marriages, etc which have left a deep mark on women's development in India.
Moreover, there was abysmal scope for formal or higher education for women. Even if given the
opportunity of higher studies, they were always denied the freedom of place to work and the kind of
profession to pursue. They accounted for a small proportion of the formal Indian labour force and
were supposed to be modest in all actions, which hindered their ability to exhibit skills on an equal
basis with men.
The Indian Constitution states that women are legal citizens of the country and have equal rights
with men. "According to the Article 14 of Indian Constitution, The government shall not deny to any
person equality before law or the equal protection of the laws. Article 15 declares that government
shall not discriminate against any citizen on the ground of sex. Article 15 (3) makes a special provision
enabling the State to make affirmative discriminations in favour of women. Moreover, the government
can pass special laws in favour of women.